GetTested's PSA test
GetTested offers the PSA test. This test measures prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood. PSA is released by the prostate and is normally low in healthy men. These levels can increase with age, an enlarged prostate, inflammation, or prostate cancer. Activities such as cycling or recent sexual intercourse can also temporarily increase PSA levels.
Advantages of the PSA test
At GetTested, the PSA test is primarily used for the early detection of prostate cancer. The target group is men over 50 or men with a family history of the disease. However, elevated PSA levels are not always an indication of cancer; they can also be caused by benign conditions such as BPH or prostatitis. If prostate cancer is suspected, we may recommend a rectal examination or ultrasound. In some cases, we also consider a biopsy (tissue sampling), although this carries certain risks.
Interpretation of PSA values
PSA is present in both healthy and cancerous prostate tissue. Although PSA levels generally correlate with prostate tissue volume, they do not always provide a clear picture. The highest PSA levels are typically found in prostate cancer, especially in advanced stages. In prostatitis, PSA levels can rise to 40–50 µg/L, but then fall again as the inflammation subsides. The range of 4–10 µg/L is critical and indicates an increased cancer risk. Men under 50 should generally have a PSA level below 2.5 µg/L; men over 70 with benign hyperplasia may experience levels as high as 6.5 µg/L. We evaluate PSA results along with other symptoms, clinical findings, and age-related factors. Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), e.g. with finasteride/Propecia, can also lower PSA levels by shrinking the prostate.
Early detection and decision-making
Early detection of prostate cancer using the PSA test can help prevent serious complications and reduce mortality. However, treatments can have side effects such as incontinence or erectile dysfunction. For this reason, some men, especially older men without significant symptoms, may choose not to have their prostate cancer treated. They weigh the potential side effects of treatment against their overall health and life expectancy.
High PSA levels: What they mean
Elevated PSA levels can indicate cancer, but benign prostate problems are a more common cause. To confirm cancer, a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and a prostate biopsy are recommended. It is also advisable to avoid activities that can temporarily increase PSA levels, such as cycling or ejaculation, for at least 24 hours before the test.
